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Top10. Italy
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Italy, a major power in Southern Europe, ranks tenth in the 2025 world military power ranking. Italy's military strength is maintained by a substantial defense budget and advanced technological capabilities. In 2024, Italy's defense budget was approximately $35.2 billion, showing an increasing trend. The number of active military personnel is about 165,500, with around 18,300 reserve personnel 3. Although not large in size, it is equipped with modern weaponry.
Italy possesses the capability to operate aircraft carriers and is strengthening its air force through the introduction of F-35 fighter jets. It also participates in European joint development programs, contributing to the advancement of military technology. As a NATO member, it boasts a high level of training and joint operation capabilities, and as a strategically important location in the center of the Mediterranean, it plays a significant role in regional security. As a member of NATO and the EU, it maintains cooperative relationships with major Western countries, strengthening security cooperation.
In terms of major weapons holdings, Italy has approximately 89 combat aircraft, and is promoting the introduction of Eurofighter Typhoons and F-35 Lightning IIs. It operates about 392 helicopters, and is striving to increase its forces through the introduction of AW249 attack helicopters. Its naval power consists of 3 destroyers and 10 frigates, and it possesses 8 submarines, including Todaro-class AIP submarines. Italy operates two aircraft carriers, the Cavour and Trieste, securing F-35B operation capabilities and enhancing its naval power projection capabilities. Although it does not possess nuclear weapons, it participates in NATO's nuclear sharing agreement and is strengthening its air defense capabilities through the introduction of Aster missiles.
In conclusion, Italy, as a strategically important location in the Mediterranean, actively participates in the security cooperation of NATO and the EU, contributing to European security.
Top9. Pakistan
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Pakistan possesses nuclear weapons and is strengthening its military cooperation with China. It is enhancing its forces through military technology cooperation, such as jointly developing the JF-17 fighter jet with China. It maintains the combat power of its military through continuous training and combat experience, and occupies a strategically important location bordering India, holding a significant geopolitical position. It maintains a close military alliance with China, strengthening security cooperation.
In terms of major weapons holdings, Pakistan has approximately 1,434 combat aircraft, operating various fighters including F-16s and JF-17 Thunders. It possesses about 342 helicopters, securing troop transport capabilities through Mi-17 transport helicopters, among others. Its naval power includes 9 frigates, operating the Zulfiqar-class frigates, among others. It possesses 8 submarines, including AIP submarines. It does not possess aircraft carriers. Pakistan has approximately 170 nuclear warheads, and is developing the Babur cruise missile, among others, to secure its nuclear deterrent.
In conclusion, Pakistan, based on its nuclear weapons and strong military alliance with China, exerts significant military influence in the South Asian region.
Top8. Turkey
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Located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, Turkey ranks eighth in the 2025 world military power ranking. Turkey's military strength is based on an increasing defense budget and the second largest number of troops within NATO. In 2024, Turkey's defense budget was approximately $14.3 billion, but it is expected to increase significantly to $33.7 billion in 2025. The number of active military personnel is about 355,000, with around 378,700 reserve personnel, possessing a considerable military force even among NATO member states.
Turkey is striving to develop its own defense industry and has the capability to domestically produce major weapons such as drones and tanks. As a NATO member, it receives a high level of training and occupies a strategically important location connecting Europe and Asia, playing a significant geopolitical role. It maintains cooperative relationships with Western countries as a NATO member, contributing to regional stability.
In terms of major weapons holdings, Turkey has approximately 295 combat aircraft, operating many fighters including F-16s. It is promoting the strengthening of its air force by developing its own fighter jet, Kaan. It possesses about 35 helicopters, and including the Army Aviation Command helicopters, it has an even larger number. Its naval power includes 17 frigates, operating the Gabya-class and Barbaros-class, among others. It also has the capability to build its own frigates. Turkey possesses 13 submarines, including German-made submarines, and operates one helicopter carrier, the TCG Anadolu, enhancing its naval power projection capabilities. Although it does not possess nuclear weapons, it is strengthening its conventional deterrence by test-firing its domestically developed ballistic missile, Tayfun.
In conclusion, Turkey, as a NATO member, maintains a strong military force and plays an important role in the stability of Europe and the Middle East.
Top7. Japan
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Japan, maintaining a strong military force based on its advanced technology and economic power, ranks seventh in the 2025 world military power ranking. Japan's defense budget was approximately $50.2 billion in 2024, and is expected to increase to $55.1 billion in 2025. The number of active military personnel is about 247,000, with around 56,000 reserve personnel, possessing a Self-Defense Forces with a high level of training and advanced technological capabilities.
Japan's naval power is particularly strong, and its advanced electronic technology is also world-class. It is also focusing on strengthening its air force through the introduction of F-35 fighter jets and continuously conducts high-level joint training under the U.S.-Japan alliance. As an island nation and maritime country, it is located in a strategic hub in East Asia and plays an important role in regional security, maintaining a strong alliance with the United States.
In terms of major weapons holdings, Japan has approximately 217 combat aircraft, operating advanced fighters such as the F-15J and F-35A. The Maritime Self-Defense Force alone has about 145 helicopters, and including the Ground Self-Defense Force helicopters, it possesses an even larger number. The core of its naval power, destroyers, numbers 36, and it possesses many destroyers equipped with the Aegis system. It operates 10 frigates and has 22 submarines. Japan operates four helicopter carriers of the Izumo-class and Hyuga-class, and is promoting their modification to enable the operation of F-35Bs. Although it does not possess nuclear weapons, it has the capability to develop them in case of emergency and possesses domestically developed missiles such as the Type 12 anti-ship missile.
In conclusion, Japan maintains a strong military force, centered on its Maritime Self-Defense Force, based on its outstanding technological capabilities, and is actively responding to changes in the security environment of the East Asian region.
Top6. United Kingdom
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The United Kingdom, a historical naval power, ranks sixth in the 2025 world military power ranking. The UK's military strength is maintained by a substantial defense budget and a qualitatively superior elite force. In 2024, the UK's defense budget was approximately $74.9 billion, showing an increasing trend. The number of active military personnel is about 138,100, with around 32,580 reserve personnel. Although relatively small in size, the UK possesses a highly trained and professional military.
The UK possesses nuclear weapons and maintains advanced naval and air forces. It is promoting the modernization of its air force through the introduction of F-35 fighter jets and boasts a high level of training and joint operation capabilities as a NATO member. As an island nation and maritime power, it occupies a strategic location and maintains strong alliances with major Western countries such as the United States and France . It also participates in the AUKUS security pact, strengthening security cooperation.
In terms of major weapons holdings, the UK has approximately 151 combat aircraft, operating Eurofighter Typhoons and F-35B Lightning IIs, among others. It possesses over 300 helicopters, supporting various operations with Chinook transport helicopters, for example. Its naval power consists of 6 Type 45 destroyers and 8 Type 23 frigates , and it secures strategic deterrence through 9 nuclear-powered submarines . The UK operates two Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carriers , enhancing its naval power projection capabilities. It possesses approximately 225 nuclear warheads , maintaining nuclear deterrence through Trident SLBMs.
In conclusion, the United Kingdom, based on its long history as a maritime power and its nuclear deterrent, contributes to global peace and stability as a key member of NATO.
Top5. South Korea
Maintaining a strong military force amidst constant threats from North Korea, South Korea ranks fifth in the 2025 world military power ranking. South Korea's military strength is based on a substantial defense budget and a high level of conscription. In 2024, South Korea's defense budget was $45.2 billion, and it is expected to increase to over $46 billion in 2025. The number of active military personnel is approximately 500,000, with about 3.1 million reserve personnel, maintaining a strong defense posture through a high level of conscription.
South Korea also has a very high level of military technology. It is actively introducing advanced weapon systems through the acquisition of F-35 fighter jets and the development of domestically produced missiles such as the Hyunmoo missile. Furthermore, it continuously conducts high-level training, including joint exercises with the U.S., enhancing its joint operation capabilities. Located in the strategic hub of the Korean Peninsula, it receives a strong security umbrella through its robust alliance with the United States.
South Korea also possesses considerable strength in its major weapons holdings. It has over 400 combat aircraft, maintaining its air force with advanced fighters such as the F-15K, F-16, and F-35A. While it does not possess bombers, it operates over 700 helicopters , securing various operational capabilities through AH-64 Apache attack helicopters, among others. Its naval power includes 13 destroyers equipped with the Aegis system , 17 frigates, and 22 submarines, including AIP submarines. South Korea operates two helicopter carriers, the Dokdo and Marado, and also possesses the capability to develop nuclear weapons in case of emergency, securing its own deterrent through the development of ballistic missiles such as the Hyunmoo missile.
In conclusion, South Korea, based on its strong economic power and advanced technology, firmly safeguards the security of Northeast Asia under its robust alliance with the United States.
Top4. India
India, the world's second most populous country, ranks fourth in the 2025 world military power ranking. India's strong military force is based on a steadily increasing defense budget and a massive number of troops. In 2025, India's defense budget is $75 billion, the fourth largest in the world, and it continues to grow steadily, fueled by continuous economic growth. The number of military personnel is approximately 1.45 million active and 1.15 million reserve, making it one of the largest armies globally.
India possesses nuclear weapons and is actively striving to develop its own defense industry. It is particularly focused on modernizing its army and maintains military technology cooperation with various countries, including Russia and the United States. India has diverse combat experience, and its experience in border disputes, in particular, contributes to enhancing the combat power of its military. Its vast territory and strategic location in the Indian Ocean also significantly influence India's military power. The Indian Ocean is a crucial sea lane, and India is working to expand its influence in this region. It maintains cooperative relationships with various countries, including the United States and Russia, pursuing a strategic balance.
India also possesses considerable strength in its major weapons holdings. It has approximately 2,229 combat aircraft, and operates various types of fighters, including the Su-30MKI and Rafale. However, it does not possess strategic bombers. India has around 899 helicopters, and is strengthening its ground support capabilities through the AH-64 Apache attack helicopter, among others. Its naval power consists of 13 destroyers and 14 frigates, and it possesses 18 submarines, including 2 nuclear-powered submarines. India operates two aircraft carriers, the INS Vikramaditya and INS Vikrant, enhancing its naval power projection capabilities. It possesses approximately 172 nuclear warheads, and is developing and deploying various types of missiles, including Agni and BrahMos, to secure its nuclear deterrent.
In conclusion, India is promoting military modernization based on its massive population and economic growth, solidifying its position as a military power in the South Asian region.
Top3. China
China has also made remarkable progress in its military technology level. Its naval power, in particular, is rapidly strengthening through the construction of aircraft carriers and the modernization of destroyers and frigates, and it is securing advanced technological capabilities through the development of stealth fighter jets like the J-20 and hypersonic missiles. Although it has been evaluated as lacking in combat experience, China has recently focused on enhancing its actual combat capabilities by increasing the intensity and scale of its training. Its long coastline provides favorable conditions for the development of naval power, and it is expanding its influence in the seas through efforts to secure strategic locations. Close military cooperation with some countries, such as Pakistan, also plays an important role in strengthening China's military standing.
China also possesses considerable strength in its major weapons holdings. It has approximately 1,200 combat aircraft, and is promoting the modernization of its air force by developing and deploying advanced stealth fighters like the J-20. Its bomber fleet of about 180 aircraft is mainly composed of H-6 bombers, enhancing its long-range strike capabilities. China operates around 913 helicopters, and is improving the support capabilities of its ground forces through the development and deployment of Z-10 attack helicopters. The core of its naval power, destroyers, numbers 47, and it is accelerating the modernization of its navy through the construction of large destroyers like the Type 055. It also possesses 49 frigates, and is striving to increase its strength through models like the Type 054A. China operates 61 submarines, including nuclear-powered and AIP submarines, enhancing its underwater operation capabilities. Its aircraft carrier fleet includes a total of 3 carriers – the Liaoning, Shandong, and Fujian – significantly improving its naval power projection capabilities. China possesses approximately 600 nuclear warheads, and is strengthening its strategic deterrence through the development and deployment of various missiles, including ICBMs, SLBMs, and cruise missiles.
In conclusion, China is rapidly increasing its military power, especially its naval forces, based on its economic growth and technological advancements, and is catching up with the United States and Russia.
Top.2 Russia
Russia, a traditional military power, ranks second in the 2025 world military power ranking. Its strong military force stems from a substantial defense budget and a massive number of troops. In 2025, Russia's defense budget is $126 billion, demonstrating its commitment to military strengthening despite economic challenges. In 2024, it spent $109 billion on defense. The number of military personnel is approximately 1.5 million active and 2 million reserve, making it one of the largest forces in the world.
Russia possesses strong competitiveness in nuclear weapons and missile technology, with a particular focus on investing in strategic weapons development. The Russian military also has extensive combat experience, especially the experience gained from the war in Ukraine, which has contributed to enhancing its operational capabilities. Its vast territory is another significant foundation of Russian military power, providing strategic depth, and securing key strategic locations is advantageous for expanding military influence. Strengthening military cooperation with some countries, including China, also contributes to reinforcing Russia's military standing.
Russia also showcases considerable strength in its major weapons holdings. It possesses approximately 912 combat aircraft, and is promoting the modernization of its air force through the development of advanced fighters like the Su-57. Its strategic bomber fleet includes about 66 aircraft , with long-range bombers such as the Tu-160 playing a crucial role in maintaining nuclear deterrence. Russia operates around 1,500 helicopters, with the Mi-28 attack helicopter enhancing the fire support capabilities of ground forces. Its naval power consists of 10 destroyers and 12 frigates, and among its 63 submarines, a significant number are nuclear-powered, securing both underwater operation capabilities and nuclear deterrence. However, its sole aircraft carrier, the Admiral Kuznetsov, is currently non-operational, limiting its naval power projection capabilities. Russia possesses approximately 4,380 nuclear warheads, maintaining a strong strategic deterrent as the world's largest nuclear weapons holder, and operates various types of missiles, including ICBMs, SLBMs, and cruise missiles .
In conclusion, Russia firmly holds its position as the second strongest military power in the world, based on its vast conventional forces and strong nuclear deterrent.
Top1. United States
The United States, boasting the undisputed strongest military power in the world, remains at the top in 2025. The primary reason for its formidable military strength lies in its unparalleled defense budget. In 2025, the U.S. defense budget reached a staggering $895 billion, far surpassing that of China, which holds the second position. In 2024, the U.S. also spent $831 billion on defense. This immense budget is allocated to the development of cutting-edge technologies, the operation of extensive training programs, and the maintenance of a large military force.
The U.S. military comprises approximately 1.3 million active personnel and 760,000 reserve personnel, forming a highly skilled and elite fighting force. It leads the world in advanced technology sectors such as aerospace, cyber, and medical technology, and continues to invest in research and development to prepare for future warfare. Furthermore, the U.S. has extensive combat experience and maximizes its military combat power through broad and systematic training programs.
Geographical advantages also significantly contribute to U.S. military power. Its vast territory provides strategic depth, and its access to two oceans offers favorable conditions for naval power projection. Abundant natural resources enhance the stability of military supply procurement. Moreover, a robust network of alliances worldwide, including NATO, South Korea, and Japan, is a key factor in amplifying U.S. military influence.
The U.S. also holds an overwhelming advantage in major weapons possession. It possesses approximately 5,500 combat aircraft, with advanced stealth fighters like the F-22 Raptor and F-35 Lightning II being core assets for air superiority. Its strategic bomber fleet numbers around 141 aircraft, with the B-1 Lancer, B-2 Spirit, and B-52 Stratofortress serving as crucial components of long-range power projection and nuclear deterrence. The U.S. operates about 5,500 helicopters, with the AH-64 Apache attack helicopter being essential for ground troop fire support. Its naval power is also the strongest globally, with 72 destroyers equipped with the Aegis system providing superior air defense capabilities. Among its 67 submarines, a significant number are nuclear-powered, possessing both stealth operation capabilities and nuclear deterrence. Notably, its 11 aircraft carriers are the largest in the world, representing a key U.S. asset for rapidly projecting power anywhere globally. The U.S. also possesses approximately 3,708 nuclear warheads, maintaining a strong nuclear deterrent through various delivery systems, including ICBMs, SLBMs, and cruise missiles.
In conclusion, the United States, with its overwhelming economic power, develops cutting-edge technologies and leverages a global network of alliances to maintain its position as the world's strongest military power.
Conclusion
Looking at the TOP 10 countries in the 2025 world military power ranking, the United States firmly holds the top position based on its overwhelming military power, while Russia and China closely follow. India is promoting military modernization based on its massive population and economic power, and South Korea maintains a strong military force amidst threats from North Korea. The United Kingdom, Japan, Turkey, Pakistan, and Italy are also strengthening their military forces according to their respective strategic locations and security environments. The military power of each country is a complex result of various factors such as defense budget, troop size, military technology level, training level, geographical advantages, and alliance relationships, reflecting the dynamic security environment of the international community. It is expected that each country will continue to develop its military power in response to changes in its security environment.
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